Tnpsc and Upsc Notes Pdf
Ukraine Russia conflict summary A Small region in eastern Ukraine known as Donbas adjoins the Russian border. This region has frequent Military conflicts. In region was incorporated into the newly created Ukrainian People’s Republic in 1918, after the fall of the Russian Empire. After this Bolsheviks were fighting the civil war against the remnants of … Read more
Light Introduction Light is a kind of energy and electromagnetic waves. Optics is a science branch that deals with features and uses of light. Ray optics or geometrical optics is the branch of optics that treat light as rays. Wave optics is the branch of optics where the wave nature of light is considered. Reflection … Read more
Modulation Transmission of data for short ranges does not need any complex procedures. Example an audio frequency of range 20 to 20,000 Hz when transmitted over long distances some techniques are used to transmit the information without any loss. “For long-distance broadcast, the low-frequency baseband signal (input signal) is superimposed onto a high-frequency radio signal … Read more
The modulated signal is transmitted by the antenna. It is received at the other end. 2kHz to 400 GHz Frequencies are transmitted with wireless communication. While the signal travels from the transmitter to the receiver, the strength of the electromagnetic wave keeps decreasing. Three modes by which EM waves are transmitted. They are: Ground wave … Read more
The communication of information in the form of light pulses by optical fibre is called fibre optic communication. Light has a frequency of 400 THz to 790 THz. Which is higher than the microwave radio system. The fibre is made of silica glass or silicon dioxide. Now it is succeeded with chalcogenide glasses, fluoro aluminate … Read more
Radar stands for Radio Detection and Ranging System. Used to detect and locate objects like an aeroplane, missile, ships, etc. Radar uses electromagnetic waves radiated by an antenna in all directions when a signal strikes an object, it gets reflected. This reflected signal is received by a radar antenna and fed to the receiver. The … Read more
Mobile communication introduction Mobile communication is the technology that makes us connect with others (person, devices, etc.), without using physical connections or wires. The first mobile was demonstrated by Martin Cooper and John F. Mitchell of Motorola in 1973. Also, the first commercial cellular network was introduced by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone in 1979 in … Read more
Information and Communication technology is used in areas such as Medicine, Defence, e-governance, Banking, etc. With the advances in computing infrastructure and communication got automated in recent times. Application of Information and communication technology Agriculture Widely used in increasing food productivity. Optimize the use of water, seeds and fertilizers. Use of robots, temperature, moisture sensors, … Read more
Nunc id sapien finibus faucibus odio vitae aliquam eros. Ante ex mauris a mus lobortis, urna elit odio nibh ac aliquet ipsum leo commodo quam. Proin semper leo ligula aenean utt erat non quam amet. Morbi fames tempor purus, at semper velit sapien vel in blandit ante. Etiam feugiat ligula turpis enim pulvinar mollis sed. … Read more
Water Pollution Definition “The introduction (directly or indirectly) of substances or energy into the marine environment (including estuaries) results in deleterious effects to living resources, hazards to human health, a hindrance to marine activities” said United Nations, 1971. Effects of Water Pollution Water pollution adversely affects the health and life of man, animals, and plants … Read more